Urbanization, the process of population concentration into cities, significantly impacts air quality. This text explores the multifaceted relationship between urban development and atmospheric conditions, detailing how increased vehicular emissions, industrial activities, and energy consumption in densely populated areas contribute to air pollution. It further examines the role of urban planning in mitigating adverse effects through green spaces and sustainable infrastructure. By analyzing current research and case studies, this text aims to provide a comprehensive understanding of how urbanization affects air quality and proposes actionable insights for improving environmental health in metropolitan regions.