This study evaluated the efficacy of four insecticides, Fenitrothion, Abamectin, Imidacloprid, and Thiamethoxam in controlling aphid infestations in sugar beet fields over two consecutive growing seasons (2022 and 2023) in Kafr El-Sheikh Governorate, Egypt. The results demonstrated that all four insecticides significantly reduced aphid populations compared to untreated control plots. Imidacloprid was the most effective, achieving total reductions of 97.69% (2022) and 95.01% (2023), followed by Fenitrothion and Thiamethoxam, which also showed strong efficacy with reductions exceeding 93% in both seasons. Abamectin exhibited variability in performance, with a total reduction of 77.01% in 2022, which improved to 94.63% in 2023. Temporal reduction patterns revealed that all insecticides achieved their highest efficacy 10 days post-treatment, with gradual increases in reduction percentages over time. Untreated control plots experienced a steady increase in aphid populations, confirming the effectiveness of the insecticides. The findings highlight the importance of selecting appropriate insecticides for sustainable pest management in sugar beet cultivation, with Imidacloprid emerging as the most reliable option. However, the variability in Abamectin's performance underscores the need for further research to optimize its use. This study contributes to the development of integrated pest management strategies that balance efficacy with environmental sustainability.